CASE 3

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This section holds all CASE 3 procedures that are relevant for our use in DCS.

Main Sources: https://www.cnatra.navy.mil/local/docs/pat-pubs/P-816.pdf and replies from GB.

What is CASE 3?

The short answer is that CASE 3 is flown during night, or during the day if the weather is really bad. For a more technically correct definition: CASE III departures are flown at night and when weather conditions are IMC (WX below 1000-5), and a controlled climb is required. CASE III recoveries are used for all night operations, as well as during the day when the weather is below Case II minimums (less than 1,000-3).

Departure

CASE 3 Departure

During briefing you should have received a departure radial and altitude. In this example, the boat's course (BRC) is 000, the departure radial is 120, and your flight's departure altitude is 20000'.

Launching

• We normally don't use a separate departure channel, but remain on the tower channel (Ch 1 305.00) during departure.
• Before taxiing, turn on full position lights and formation light, but set the Master Exterior Lights Switch to OFF, so that the aircraft is dark.
• Line up and hook up on the catapult.
• Spread wings. For Hornets, check half flaps and trim to 16 degrees or more depending on weight.
• Just before takeoff, when calling "salute", set the Master Exterior Lights Switch to ON.
• Launch with mil power or afterburner as preferred, with 30 second intervals between each aircraft.
• Call out when airborne. Example: "Departure, 400, airborne".

Climbing

• Set throttle to mil power and immediately start climbing straight ahead, using pitch control to maintain 300 kts IAS. Even though "straight ahead" and BRC isn't strictly the same thing, a common technique is to set the course line to the BRC for reference.
• When passing 2500' call it out. Example: "Departure, 400 passing 2.5".
• When reaching 7 DME, call out that you're arcing. Example: "Departure, 400 arcing".
• Turn into the 10 nm radius circle in the direction of the departure radial (right, in this example). Continue climbing and make sure your right wing on the HSI is pointing towards the boat so that you are always at 10 DME.
• Turn the course line (if available) to the departure radial (120 in this example).
• Use any available means (radar, datalink, SA page) to make sure you're not conflicted with other aircraft.
• When you are about to reach the course line, turn onto it. After the turn the boat should be on your 6 o'clock.
• Call outbound. Example: "Departure, 400, established outbound".
• Level off at your flight's departure altitude (in this example, 20000').
• Call when mission ready, prepared to leave the frequency. Example: "Departure, 400 Kilo".
• Departure will now tell you: "400, Departure, cleared to switch", meaning that you are cleared to switch channel to wherever you are going, most likely the Tactical channel on Ch 3.

Recovery

CASE 3 Recovery

In this example, you are the leader of the flight Chevy1, which is a Hornet two-ship with sidenumber 400 and 401, returning to CVN-72 (callsign "Union") at night. You have a little lower fuel state (6500 lbs) than 401 who has 6900.

Arriving to the Carrier Control Zone

• At 50 nm DME, switch to Marshal channel (Ch 16 261.00).
• Contact Marshal stating your position, altitude and fuel state. Marshal will provide your Marshal instructions.
• Comms example: In this scenario, you are assigned 21 nm on the 190 radial at 6000 feet with a push time of 32 minutes over the hour.
  • You: "Marshal, 400" (i.e Four Zero Zero)
  • Marshal: "400, Union Marshal"
  • You: "400, holding hands with 401, marking Mother's 070 for 48, angels 14, (low) state 6.5" ("holding hands" or "with" is only said if you have a wingman, and you don't say "low" state if you're alone, just simply "state")
  • Marshal: "400, Union Marshal, Case 3 Recovery, CV1 approach, expected final bearing 344, altimeter 2992"
  • Marshal: "400, Marshal 190, 21, angels 6, expected approach time 32, approach button 15" (Pronounced "Time three-two" and "Button fifteen")
  • You: "400, Marshaling 190, 21, angels 6, time 32, approach button 15"
  • Marshal: "400, Readback correct."

Then Marshal will proceed with giving Marshal instructions to your wingman "401".

Note 1: The distance and the altitude will always be at a differance of 15. Example: Distance = Angels + 15 = 6 + 15 = 21

Note 2: "CV1" is the kind of approach described here. We never do CV2, so you don't need to learn about it.

• Perform HAIL-R checks:
  • H - Hook down.
  • A - Anti-skid off / Altimeter. (Also set/confirm Hook Bypass to CARRIER)
  • I - Instruments. (Turn on ILS, general checks)
  • L - Landing weight / Lights For Hornet: Max 34k lbs. Full position and formation lights.
  • R - RADALT (Pilot preference. 1000' is recommended to warn if accidently decending below 1200')

Entering the Marshal Stack

• Set your course line (if available) to the assigned radial and fly on it towards the carrier. In order to deconflict from aircraft already in the stack, make sure you're on the assigned altitude before you come within 10 degrees to the right or 30 degrees to the left of the radial. Let Marshal know when you are on the correct altitude. Example: "400, established angels 6, state 6.1"
• Slow down to 250 kts IAS as you enter the marshal stack.
• Through the DCS comms menu, contact ATC/USS Abraham Lincoln/Inbound. Make sure you're doing this call on the right AI Tower frequency (Ch 2, 264.00). You may want to use the right-hand Com2 AUX radio for this call, so you don't have to leave the Marshal channel.
• When reaching the point (in this case 21 nm DME) turn left into a race track pattern, holding until your push time has come. Ideally, you should be flying 2 minute turns and 1 minute legs.
• You will need to adjust your pattern in such a way that you reach the push point on time plus/minus 10 seconds.
• The exact shape of your holding pattern is not that important. As long as you keep your altitude, make left turns and reach the push point on time, you're doing fine.
• If you reach the push point reasonably on time (plus minus 15 seconds or so), make your commence call on your assigned time. Don't wait until you are exactly on your assigned point. If you miss the time drastically (more than ~15 seconds), communicate this clearly.

Commencing

• When your time comes to push, call out [Callsign] commencing [fuel state], [altimeter]. Example: "400, commencing, state 5.2, 29.92".
• Marshal: "400, radar contact, final bearing 344"
• Make sure you keep 250 kts IAS and start a 4000 fpm dive, heading straight towards the carrier, along your assigned radial.
• When you reach 5000', call out [Callsign] platform. Example: "400, platform".
• Immediately after the platform call, shallow your decent to 2000 feet per minute.
• Marshal will tell you to switch to the approach channel (this can happen before or after the platform call). Example: "400, switch Approach, button 15".
• You - "400"
• Switch to the approach channel (normally Ch 15 263.00) and check in. Example:
  • You - "400, checking in, 19 miles"
  • Approach - "400, final bearing 344"
  • You - "400"
• Set your course line (if available) to Final Bearing.
• At 20 DME you need to perform a 30 degree turn towards the Final Bearing so that you are lined up on Final Bearing before 12 DME at the latest.
• Level off at 1200'.
• You may want to clean up your HUD. For instance, in Hornets, remove the time from the HUD (HSI, TIMEUFC, ZTOD) to make sure it's not obstructing the IFLOLS when landing.

Final Approach

• At 10 DME, start landing checks. Remain at 1200'. Extend gears at 8 DME. Make sure you're flying on-speed in landing configuration at 6 DME. Approach may instruct you to "dirty up" (i.e get into landing configuration) earlier or later than 8 DME if needed.
• Approach will soon ask you to "say your needles". IRL this is only done for ACLS (which we don't have in DCS). For our purposes, approach wants to know if he's looking at the right aircraft. What you need to do is to reply how you need to fly to get onto centerline and glideslope. Basically, where your ICLS needles are in relation to your velocity vector. If one of them is already centered, you say "on". Example:
  • Approach - "400, say bullseye". (For Hornets, we currently assume they don't have ACLS, hence "say bullseye". For Tomcats, Approach says "say needles")
  • You - "Fly up, fly right" or "Up and on" or "On, fly left" or "On and on"
  • Approach - "400, fly bullseye" or "400, fly needles"
  • You - "400"
• For our purposes, it doesn't matter whether approach replies "Fly needles" (successful ACLS lock) or "Fly bullseye" (unsuccessful ACLS lock). Just follow your ICLS.
• Don't fly up above 1200' to "catch" the glideslope. Instead, remain at 1200' until you fly "into" the glideslope, and start decending, following the ICLS down towards the boat.
• Around 1-2 DME, you should see the ball. From now on, fly the ball. Ignore the ICLS for vertical corrections.
• At around 3/4 nm, perform the ball call when the approach controller tells you to. [Sidenumber] [Aircraft type] Ball [Fuel state]. Example:
  • Approach - "400, ¾ mile, call the ball"
  • You - "400, Hornet ball, 4.1"
  • LSO - "Roger ball!"
• Fly the ball and the LSO instructions until you touch down. When you touch down, don't anticipate catching a wire. ALWAYS engage full power (mil power, or even afterburner if you think you might need it) until it's clear that you are standing still on the deck.
• Cut power to idle and fold/sweep the wings. If the wire doesn't pull you back and release (for DCS reasons), try turning the nosewheel left and right a couple of times. When the wire has released, raise your hook, taxi off the landing zone and park on the bow or wherever you are instructed to.

Bolter Pattern

• If you miss the wire (bolter) or you are waved off, continue flying on final bearing past the boat, climbing to 1200'.
• Raise the gear and raise the flaps to HALF flying at 150 kts IAS to save fuel.
• If no instructions are received by 4 DME upwind, contact approach. If unable, turn downwind remaining at 1200'. Pay close attention to the HSI making sure your downwind is 2 nm offset parallel to the final bearing line.
• Call out when abeam. Example: "400, abeam".
• If no instructions are received by 4 DME downwind past abeam, contact approach. If unable, turn final. Intercept the ICLS and fly another approach.
• If on downwind you're told to intercept the final bearing at 4NM on downwind, fully configure (full flaps, gear down) when starting the turn. At 6NM, halfway through the turn. At 8NM+ wait until established on Final Bearing.

Questions and discussion topics

• Would it work if only the last pilot in the stack calls inbound? If it does, how should we handle if people before him bolter and lights are turned off as he touches down?